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1 ♦ short
♦ short (1) /ʃɔ:t/a.1 corto; breve; conciso; di breve durata: He has short legs, ha le gambe corte; This jacket is short on you, questa giacca ti è corta; a short journey, un viaggio breve; a short answer, una risposta breve; short hair, capelli corti; short wind, fiato corto; (aeron.) short landing, atterraggio corto; short dash, breve scatto; volata; a short way off, a breve distanza; (elettr.) a short circuit, un corto circuito; un cortocircuito; ( radio) short waves, onde corte; a short speech [style], un discorso [uno stile] conciso; Short, weak governments, governi deboli, di breve durata2 basso; piccolo ( di statura): He's too short to play volleyball, è troppo basso per giocare a pallavolo3 scarso; insufficiente: short weight, peso scarso; short measure, misura insufficiente; a short ten miles, dieci miglia scarse; meno di dieci miglia4 brusco; rude; secco; sgarbato: a short reply, una brusca risposta; Don't be short with me!, non essere sgarbato con me!9 ( Borsa) corto; allo scoperto: short position, posizione corta; short sale [seller], vendita [venditore] allo scoperto; short selling, il vendere (o vendite) allo scoperto11 (trasp.) incompleto; in meno ( di quanto pattuito): short delivery, consegna in meno; short shipment, spedizione incompleta13 (pred.) mancante, privo; che si trova qc. in meno; a corto di: to run short, finire, venire a mancare; We are two cases [200 dollars] short, (ci) mancano due casse [200 dollari]; He's short on brains, è corto di cervello; I was short of breath, ero senza fiato; I'm short of money, sono a corto di quattrini; They are a mile short of their goal, manca loro un miglio alla meta● (med.) short-acting, ad azione breve □ ( d'oratore, di un discorso) to be short and to the point, essere conciso e pertinente □ (fam.: di un discorso) short and sweet, (piacevolmente) conciso; essenziale, stringato □ ( tennis) a short-angled volley, una volée molto angolata □ short-armed, dalle braccia corte □ (giorn.) short article, trafiletto □ (fin.) short bond, titolo di stato a breve (termine) □ (elettr.) short-contact switch, interruttore cortocircuitante □ ( Borsa) short covering, copertura di una posizione corta; il coprirsi da una vendita allo scoperto □ (comm.: di cambiale, ecc.) short-dated, a breve scadenza □ a short drink, una bevanda (o una bibita) servita in un bicchiere piccolo; un bicchierino ( di liquore); (spec.) un aperitivo □ (cinem.) a short film, un cortometraggio □ short for, abbreviazione di; diminutivo di: Sam, short for Samuel, Sam, diminutivo di Samuele □ short fuse, miccia corta; (fig. fam.) irascibilità, eccitabilità □ short-haired, dai capelli corti; ( d'animale) dal pelo corto □ to be short-handed, essere a corto di manodopera, essere sotto organico; (naut.: di nave) avere l'equipaggio incompleto □ (trasp.) short-haul, a breve distanza; a breve raggio: a short-haul run, un viaggio a breve distanza; a short-haul plane, un aereo a breve raggio □ (ipp.) a short head, mezza testa, meno d'una incollatura: to win by a short head, ( di cavallo) vincere per una mezza testa; (fig.) vincere per un pelo □ (comm.) to be short in one's payments, essere in arretrato coi pagamenti; essere moroso □ short-legged, dalle gambe corte □ short list, lista ristretta (o dei favoriti); rosa dei candidati □ short-lived, che ha breve vita; (biol.) che ha la vita corta; (fig.) di breve durata, passeggero: short-lived enthusiasm, entusiasmo passeggero □ short loan, mutuo a breve termine; prestito a breve scadenza □ (fam.) a short one, un bicchierino di liquore; un cicchetto □ (econ.) short period (o short range), breve periodo; breve termine: in the short period, nel breve periodo □ short-range, (econ., meteor.) a breve (termine); (tecn.) a corto raggio, a corta gittata (o portata): short-range forecast, previsione a breve termine; a short-range missile, un missile a corto raggio; short-range plans, progetti a breve termine; a short-range rifle, un fucile a corta gittata (o portata) □ (anat.) short ribs, costole mobili □ short run, (econ.) breve periodo, breve termine; (giorn.) piccola tiratura □ short-run (agg.), (econ.) a breve termine, nel breve periodo; ( editoria: di un libro, ecc.) stampato in un numero limitato di copie: (econ.) short-run planning, programmazione a breve termine □ (naut.) a short sea, mare corto; maretta □ ( tennis) short serve (o short service), servizio corto; battuta corta □ ( sport) short shot, tiro corto; palla corta; ( anche) tiro da vicino □ short sight, vista corta, miopia; (fig.) imprevidenza, miopia □ short-sighted, corto di vista, miope; (fig.) miope, imprevidente □ short-sightedness, vista corta, miopia; (fig.) imprevidenza, miopia □ short sharp shock, incarcerazione dei delinquenti minorili a scopo di dissuasione; punizione severa e senza preavviso; maniere forti □ short-spoken, di poche parole; laconico □ short-staffed, a corto di personale; sotto organico □ a short story, un racconto; una novella: a short short story, un racconto cortissimo □ ( a carte) short suit, sequela corta; meno di quattro carte dello stesso seme □ short supply, scarsità ( di merce e fig.): Good teachers are in short supply, c'è scarsità di bravi insegnanti □ (aeron.) short take-off and landing (abbr. STOL), decollo e atterraggio corto □ short temper, irascibilità: He has a short temper, è irascibile □ short-tempered, collerico; irascibile; stizzoso □ short-term, (econ., fin.) a breve scadenza, a breve (termine); (econ.) congiunturale: short-term action, interventi a breve ( sull'economia); short-term bank debt, indebitamento a breve verso le banche; short-term borrowing, indebitamento a breve; short-term economic policy, politica congiunturale; short-term financing, finanziamento a breve; short-term fluctuations of demand, fluttuazioni congiunturali della domanda; short-term paper, titolo di credito a breve termine □ short-term saving, risparmio a breve termine □ (fig.) short-termism, il progettare a breve, in vista di un vantaggio immediato; miopia (spec. in politica, economia e finanza) □ ( sport) a short throw, un lancio corto □ (ind.) short time, orario ridotto: to be on short time (o to work short time) lavorare a orario ridotto; The workers were put on short time, gli operai hanno avuto una riduzione di orario □ (ind.) short-time working, lavoro a orario ridotto □ a short time ago, poco tempo fa □ (spec. USA) short ton, tonnellata americana ( pari a 2000 libbre, cioè a 907 kg circa) □ short waist, vita (troppo) alta ( in un vestito) □ short-waisted, che ha la vita (troppo) alta □ short walk, passeggiata breve; (equit.) passo corto ( del cavallo) □ ( radio) a short-wave broadcast, una trasmissione sulle onde corte □ a short-wave radioset, un apparecchio radio a onde corte □ short-winded, dal fiato corto, bolso, sfiatato; (fig.) conciso, stringato □ short-windedness, fiato corto; bolsaggine; (fig.) concisione, stringatezza □ short-witted, di poco cervello; stupido; tonto □ at short notice, con breve preavviso; entro breve termine □ at short range, a breve distanza; a corto raggio □ to cut a long story short, per farla corta (o breve) □ to get short, abbreviarsi, accorciarsi: The days are getting shorter and shorter, le giornate si accorciano sempre più □ to give short weight, dare il peso scarso; rubare sul peso □ to make short work of st., consumare (o finire, distruggere) qc. rapidamente; liquidare (o sbrigare, divorare, fare fuori) qc. in quattro e quattr'otto; ( sport) liquidare, sbarazzarsi facilmente di ( un avversario) □ to make a long story short, per farla breve; per tagliar corto; volendo essere conciso □ to take short views, guardare solo al presente; non pensare al futuro; vivere alla giornata.short (2) /ʃɔ:t/n.3 (cinem., TV) short; cortometraggio; corto4 (pubbl., TV) short pubblicitario; spot5 (giorn.) trafiletto6 (rag.) somma parziale7 (pl.) (ind.) sfridi; ritagli8 (pl.) (ind.) cruschello9 (pl.) (tecn.) sopravaglio13 (fam.) cortocircuito; corto (fam.)14 (fam.) bicchierino di liquore15 (pl., slang USA) – the shorts, l'essere a corto di soldi: Mine is a case of the shorts, sono proprio in bolletta● for short, per brevità: They call him Sam for short, per brevità, lo chiamano Sam (abbr. di Samuel); il suo diminutivo è Sam □ in short, in breve; in poche parole □ the long and the short of it, tutto quel che c'è da dire.short (3) /ʃɔ:t/avv.1 bruscamente; di botto; di colpo; improvvisamente; tutt'a un tratto: The car stopped short, l'automobile si è arrestata bruscamente; to stop st. short, fermare bruscamente qc.; to stop sb. short, interrompere q. ( che parla)2 bruscamente; rudemente; in modo sgarbato: He talks short with everybody, parla in modo brusco con tutti● short of, all'infuori di; tranne; ad esclusione di; eccetto: Short of going on strike, I don't see how we can get a pay rise, all'infuori di uno sciopero, non vedo come si possa ottenere un aumento salariale □ short of actually stealing, pur senz'arrivare al furto vero e proprio □ (fam.) to be caught short = to be taken short ► sotto □ to cut short, farla corta, tagliar corto; abbreviare ( la procedura, ecc.); interrompere ( uno che parla) □ to cut the matter (o it) short, (per) farla corta; (per) tagliar corto; alle corte □ to fall (o to come) short of, non raggiungere, restare indietro a; rimanere al di sotto di, essere inadeguato (o insufficiente); venir meno a, deludere: This poem falls short of perfection, questa poesia non raggiunge la perfezione; His action fell short of the occasion, la sua azione fu inadeguata al caso; The result has come short of our expectations, il risultato ha deluso le nostre speranze □ (fam.) to go short of st., restare a corto di qc. □ to let sb. go short, lasciare q. senza (qc.); far mancare (qc.) a q. □ nothing short of, a dir poco; addirittura; senz'altro: a victory nothing short of miraculous, una vittoria a dir poco miracolosa □ ( di un veicolo) to pull up short, fermarsi di botto; arrestarsi bruscamente □ to run short, venir meno; scarseggiare; esaurirsi: Our supplies ran short, le nostre provviste erano finite □ to run short of st., restare a corto di qc., rimanere senza qc.: We've run short of bread, siamo rimasti senza pane □ to sell a crop short, vendere un raccolto anzitempo; vendere il grano in erba □ a shot that falls short, un tiro corto ( di fucile, ecc.) □ to stop short of doing st., fermarsi prima di fare qc. □ to take sb. up short, interrompere bruscamente q. □ (fam.) to be taken (o caught) short, essere messo in difficoltà; sentire un improvviso bisogno corporale; dover scappare in bagno (fam.).(to) short /ʃɔ:t/ (fam.)A v. t.3 ( USA) far mancare qc. a (q.); lesinare a (q.): I shorted him on beer, his favorite drink, gli lesinai la birra, la sua bevanda preferitaB v. i.(elettr.) andare in corto (circuito): Mind that the battery connections don't short, bada che i collegamenti della batteria non vadano in corto!● ( USA) to short sb. at the scales, rubare a q. sul peso □ to short out, (elettr.) andare in corto; (fig. USA) andare su tutte le furie; esplodere (fig.); infuriarsi. -
2 fluctuation
nколебание, неустойчивость, изменение- constant fluctuationsto eliminate wide fluctuations — устранять / исключать значительные колебания (цен и т.п.)
- currency fluctuations
- demand fluctuations
- economic fluctuations
- exchange fluctuations
- fluctuation in price
- fluctuation in prices
- fluctuation in rates of exchange
- fluctuation of exchange rates
- fluctuation of markets
- fluctuations in demand
- fluctuations in exports / imports
- fluctuations in unemployment
- fluctuations of discount rate
- fluctuations of supply and demand
- fluctuations on the world market
- investment fluctuations
- irregular fluctuations
- local fluctuations
- long-term fluctuations
- major fluctuations
- market fluctuations
- mercantile fluctuation
- periodic fluctuations
- price fluctuations
- seasonal fluctuations
- sharp fluctuations
- short-term fluctuations
- spontaneous fluctuations
- supply fluctuations
- trade fluctuations -
3 fluctuation
nколебание, неустойчивость
- accidental fluctuations
- acute fluctuations
- business fluctuations
- chance fluctuations
- constant fluctuations
- credit fluctuations
- currency fluctuations
- cyclical fluctuations
- demand fluctuations
- economic fluctuations
- erratical fluctuations
- excessive fluctuations
- exchange fluctuations
- foreign exchange fluctuations
- investment fluctuations
- irregular fluctuations
- leaping fluctuations
- local fluctuations
- market fluctuations
- oil price fluctuations
- periodic fluctuations
- price fluctuations
- random fluctuations
- recurrent fluctuations
- sales fluctuations
- seasonal fluctuations
- short-term fluctuations
- slight fluctuations
- sustained fluctuations
- temporary fluctuations
- trade fluctuations
- fluctuations in cost
- fluctuations in demand
- fluctuations in the parity of currency
- fluctuations in prices
- fluctuations in the rate of exchange
- fluctuations in revenue
- fluctuations in supply
- fluctuations of supply and demand
- fluctuations in turnover
- fluctuations in yield
- fluctuation of currencies to the dollar
- fluctuations of the discount rate
- fluctuations of the market
- fluctuations of supply and demand
- level up fluctuationsEnglish-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > fluctuation
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4 fluctuation
ком. коливання; нестійкість; зміназміни, в процесі яких підвищуються або знижуються ціни, ставки, суми, обсяги тощо чого-небудь; ♦ прикладом може бути коливання цін акцій на біржі або нестабільність економіки в країні═════════■═════════accidental fluctuations коливання випадкового характеру; acute fluctuations різкі коливання; annual fluctuations річні коливання; business fluctuations коливання ділової кон'юнктури • коливання ділової активності; chance fluctuations випадкові коливання; concomitant fluctuations коливання, які збігаються; constant fluctuations постійні коливання; credit fluctuations кредитні коливання; currency fluctuations коливання курсу валюти • валютні коливання; cyclical fluctuations циклічні коливання; demand fluctuations коливання попиту; divergent fluctuations розбіжні коливання • протилежні коливання; economic fluctuations економічні коливання; erratic fluctuations коливання випадкового характеру; excessive fluctuations надмірні коливання; exchange fluctuations коливання курсу; foreign exchange fluctuations валютні коливання; investment fluctuations коливання інвестицій; irregular fluctuations нерегулярні коливання; labour fluctuation плинність робочої сили; leaping fluctuations стрибкоподібні коливання; local fluctuations місцеві коливання; major fluctuations великі коливання; market fluctuations коливання цін на ринку • кон'юнктурні коливання • коливання ринкової кон'юнктури; minor fluctuations слабкі коливання; periodic fluctuations періодичні коливання; pervasive fluctuations широко розповсюджені коливання; price fluctuations коливання цін • коливання курсів цінних паперів; random fluctuations коливання випадкового характеру; rate fluctuations коливання обмінних курсів; sales fluctuations коливання збуту; seasonal fluctuations сезонні коливання; short-term fluctuations короткочасні коливання; slight fluctuations невеликі коливання; statistical fluctuations статистичні зміни; stock market fluctuations коливання курсів цінних паперів на біржі; sustained fluctuations стійкі коливання; temporary fluctuations тимчасові коливання; trade fluctuations коливання у сфері торгівлі; weak fluctuations слабкі коливання═════════□═════════fluctuations in cost коливання у коштах • коливання у видатках; fluctuation in liquidity зміна в ліквідності; fluctuation in money supply коливання грошової маси; fluctuations in the parity of currency коливання курсу валют; fluctuations in prices коливання цін; fluctuations in the rate of exchange коливання курсу; fluctuations in revenue коливання в доходах; fluctuations in turnover коливання обороту; fluctuation in value коливання у вартості; fluctuation margin межа коливань; fluctuations of the discount rate коливання облікової ставки; fluctuation of currencies to the dollar коливання курсів валют до долара; fluctuations of the market кон'юнктурні коливання • коливання цін на ринку; fluctuation of population плинність населення; fluctuation of prices коливання цін; fluctuation of rates коливання курсу; fluctuations of supply and demand коливання попиту і пропозиції; to cause a fluctuation заподіювати/заподіяти коливання • спонукувати/спонукати коливання • викликати/викликати коливання • спричиняти/спричинити коливання; to expect a fluctuation передбачати/передбачити коливання; to mitigate price fluctuations зменшувати/зменшити коливання цін; to predict a fluctuation прогнозувати коливання • передбачати/передбачити коливання -
5 fluctuation
колебание, неустойчивость• -
6 fluctuation
n1) колебание, неустойчивость; неуверенность, нерешительность2) колебание, изменение (цен, спроса)• -
7 fluctuation
колебание(цен курсов спроса)•
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